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Cylinder head - It is fitted on one end of the cylinder, and act as a cover to close the cylinder bore. As the material required for liner is comparatively small, it cab be made of alloy cast iron having long life and sufficient resistance to rapid wear and tear to the fast moving reciprocating parts.Ĭonstructional details of I.C. Sometimes, a liner or sleeve is inserted into the cylinder, which can be replaced when worn out. But for heavy duty engines, it is made of steel alloys or aluminum alloys. For ordinary engines, the cylinder is made of ordinary cast iron. Thus the material for the engine cylinder should be such that it can retain sufficient strength at such a high pressure and temperature. The engine cylinder has to withstand a high pressure (more than 50 bar) and temperature (more than 2000 deg C). Cylinder - It is one of the most important part of the engine, in which the piston moves to and fro in order to develop power. Parts common to both Petrol and Diesel engine: 1. engine with principal parts is shown in Fig. EnginesA cross-section of an air-cooled I.C. The flywheel fitted on the end of the crankshaft stroes energy and keeps the crank turning steadily.Ĭonstructional details of I.C. The crank is given rotary (turning) motion as shown by the arrow 2. The piston pushes on the rod which pushes on the crank. The mixture is set alight and, as it burns, it creates a gas pressure on the piston, forcing it down the cylinder. The piston is forced up and compresses the mixture in the top of the cylinder. As the crankshaft turns it pushes cylinder. The cylinder which is closed at one end is filled with a mixture of fuel and air. EnginesThe basic idea of internal combustion engine is shown in Fig. According to the method of governing a) Hit and miss governed engines, b) Quantitatively governed engines, and Qualitatively governed engines.īasic Idea of I.C.
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According to the valve mechanism a) Overhead valve engines, and b) Side valve engines. According to the arrangement of cylinders a) Vertical engines, b) Horizontal engines, c) Radial engines, d) In-line multi-cylinder engines, e) V-type multi-cylinder engines, f) Opposite-cylinder engines, and g) Opposite-piston engines. According to the number of cylinders a) Single cylinder engines, and b) Multi-cylinder engines.Ĭlassification of I.C. According to the method of fuel injection a) Carburettor engines, and b) Air injection engines. According to the cooling system a) Air-cooled engines, and b) Water-cooled engines. According to the speed of the engine a) Slow speed engines, b) Medium speed engines, and c) High speed engines. According to the cycle of operation a) Otto cycle engines, b) Diesel cycle engines, and c) Dual cycle engines.Ĭlassification of I.C. According to the number of strokes per cycle a) Four stroke cycle engines, and b) Two stroke cycle engines. According to the method of igniting the fuel a) Spark ignition engines, and b) Compression ignition engines. According to the type of fuel used a) Petrol engines, b) Diesel engines, and c) Gas engines. EnginesThe internal combustion engines may be classified in the following ways: 1.
#IC ENGINES PPT PORTABLE#
engines are: (i) Road vehicles, locomotives, ships and aircraft, (ii) Portable standby units for power generation in case of scarcity of electric power, (iii) Extensively used in farm tractors, lawn movers, concrete mixing devices and motor boats.Ĭlassification of I.C. The internal combustion engines group includes engines employing mixtures of combustible gases and air, known as gas engines, those using lighter liquid fuel or spirit known as petrol engines and those using heavier liquid fuels, known as oil, compression ignition or diesel engines. Internal Combustion Engines - In this case, combustion of fuel with oxygen of the air occurs within the cylinder of the engine. Other examples of external combustion engines are hot air engines, steam turbine and closed cycle gas turbine. External Combustion Engines - In this case, combustion of fuel takes place outside the cylinder as in the case of steam engines where the heat of combustion is employed to generate steam which is used to move a piston in a cylinder.
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Heat engines may be classified into two main classes as follows: 1. EngineHeat Engines - A machine or device which derives heat from the combustion of fuel and converts part of this energy into mechanical work is called a heat engine. Engine Comparison of Two-stroke and Four-stroke Cycle Engine Working of two stroke and four stroke diesel and petrol engines Comparison of Petrol and Diesel Engine